Role In Interpersonal Interactions Research Articles

Empathy and mental health in veterinary medicine.

In veterinary medicine, the relationship between empathy and mental health presents a complex and important aspect of professional well-being. Veterinarians are frequently exposed to numerous work-related stressors and are therefore more likely to experience mental health disorders and commit suicide. Due to the specific nature of the profession, veterinarians deal with negative patient outcomes, inform owners of unfavourable news, handle heavy workloads, and professional isolation. Psychological stress is a result of all these factors coming together, and it can lead to anxiety, depression, burnout, and even frequently reported suicide. Animal euthanasia has been recognised as a unique professional risk factor that can have harmful psychological effects on veterinary professionals.This paper explores the role of empathy in the mental health of veterinarians and other veterinary staff, and how this might contribute to their vulnerability to psychological stress and suicidal ideation. Empathy plays an important role in interpersonal interactions, while also influencing human-animal relationships, which adds a whole new level of complexity to the doctor-patient dynamic in this field. Veterinarians are responsible for providing compassionate care for both the animals they treat and their owners. They must manage the emotionally demanding work while preserving their mental health by balancing between providing empathetic care and sustaining their own emotional boundaries. To alleviate the negative effects of psychological stress, veterinary professionals require interventions such as peer support groups, stress management training, and mental health support programmes.

Automating the analysis of facial emotion expression dynamics: A computational framework and application in psychotic disorders

Facial emotion expressions play a central role in interpersonal interactions; these displays are used to predict and influence the behavior of others. Despite their importance, quantifying and analyzing the dynamics of brief facial emotion expressions remains an understudied methodological challenge. Here, we present a method that leverages machine learning and network modeling to assess the dynamics of facial expressions. Using video recordings of clinical interviews, we demonstrate the utility of this approach in a sample of 96 people diagnosed with psychotic disorders and 116 never-psychotic adults. Participants diagnosed with schizophrenia tended to move from neutral expressions to uncommon expressions (e.g., fear, surprise), whereas participants diagnosed with other psychoses (e.g., mood disorders with psychosis) moved toward expressions of sadness. This method has broad applications to the study of normal and altered expressions of emotion and can be integrated with telemedicine to improve psychiatric assessment and treatment.

Teaching Nonverbal Communication and Cultural Differences in Foreign Language Education

Nonverbal communication plays an important role in interpersonal interactions, but there are obvious differences in the forms of nonverbal communication among people with different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, in foreign language courses, teachers should help students understand the differences in culture and nonverbal communication specific to the target language, in addition to covering language-related knowledge. This paper outlines the concept of nonverbal communication, analyzes the cross-cultural differences in nonverbal communication, and studies the foreign language teaching strategies based on the cross-cultural differences in nonverbal communication.

Brand Experience on Brand Attachment: The Role of Interpersonal Interaction, Feedback, and Advocacy

Value co-creation profoundly affects brand experience, human interaction rules, and customer behavior performance and is a recurring theme in research in the field of virtual brand communities. Studies have determined an influence model for value co-creation, but there is a dearth of research on the impacts of value co-creation activities on brand attachment. This study built a mediation theoretical research framework on value co-creation theory, brand experience, and brand attachment. The purpose of this study is to explore the significance of value co-creation activities on brand experience. Furthermore, this study intends to measure the impact of brand experience on brand attachment. Additionally, this study intends to investigate the mediation role of brand experience in the relationship between value co-creation and brand attachment. This study analyzed 512 data collected by structural equation modeling using registered users of the OPPO community as participants. The results of this empirical test show that the three dimensions of value co-creation (interpersonal interaction, feedback, and advocacy) have a positive effect on brand experience and that brand experience has a positive and significant impact on brand attachment and mediates the relationship between value co-creation and brand attachment. The findings of significance for management are the identification of factors that enhance value co-creation in virtual brand communities. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-014 Full Text: PDF

Shame, depression, and complicated grief among suicide loss-survivors: the moderating role of self-disclosure

ABSTRACT Background: Suicide-loss survivors (SLSs) are recognised as an at-risk population for several psychiatric complications, including complicated grief (CG) and depression (SI). However, whereas shame is known as one of the characteristics of this population, knowledge about possible psychological processes which may moderate the contribution of shame levels to CG and depression in the aftermath of suicide loss is sparse. This study examines the role of self-disclosure – the inclination to share personal information with others – as a possible moderator of the associations of shame with CG and shame with depression over time. Method: Participants were 152 suicide-loss survivors, aged 18–70, who completed questionnaires tapping CG and depression at three time points (T1- index measurement, T2-two years after T1. and T3-four years after T1) and questionnaires tapping shame and SD at T3. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses showed that shame significantly and positively contributed to CG at T3 and to depression at T3, beyond the CG/depression trajectories. Notably, two significant interactions were found: Self-disclosure moderated the contribution of shame to CG at T3 and to depression at T3. At lower self-disclosure levels, shame’s contribution to CG and depression was higher. Conclusion: The study’s findings highlight shame as a significant facilitator of CG and depression in the aftermath of suicide loss. Moreover, the role of interpersonal interaction on SLSs’ distress levels and grieving process was underscored, as this interaction may serve as a buffer against the deleterious sequelae of the suicide of a loved one.

Measuring the community value in online social networks

Communities in social networks form with different purposes and play a significant role in interpersonal interactions. Analysis of virtual communities indicates a more precise understanding of the behaviours and desires of individuals in social networks. In this paper, new measures have been proposed for analyzing implicit and explicit communities in Online Social Networks (OSNs). The measures of “potential value of the community members” and “value of the community messages”, which are used for calculating the measure of “community value” are among the most important measures introduced in this paper. Another measure introduced is “user influence rate” in a community, which represents the contribution of a person in creating value in a community. To provide a sound dataset, we collected the information from several real implicit communities in Twitter based on different hashtags. Finally, the suggested measures have been analyzed and compared statistically and behaviourally across different communities. The results of this research well indicate the importance and practicality of the measures introduced in Community analysis of Twitter.

How Do We Do Good While Doing Well? Studying the Consequences of Markets in Tackling Social Problems

As practitioners addressing issues related to international development, global poverty, and the UN Sustainable Development Goals move toward using market-based approaches to distribute financing, products, and services, management scholars seek to understand the potential consequences. In this symposium, four scholars explore the following questions: What are the manifest and latent consequences of utilizing markets and businesses to address development goals? How can management scholarship be used to think through ways to mitigate the negatively outcomes that disproportionately affect vulnerable populations while amplifying the positive ones? The Business of Health: Identifying and Overcoming Barriers to the Success of Health Enterprises Presenter: Emily Barman; Boston U. The Role of Interpersonal Interactions in Shaping Social and Economic Development Presenter: Laura Doering; U. of Toronto Meeting the Needs of the Poor Presenter: Aneel Karnani; U. of Michigan, Ann Arbor Understanding Impact Investing: A New Categorical Imperative Presenter: Tyler Wry; The Wharton School, U. of Pennsylvania

Pl\xe0cia a D\xe9u \u2018May it Please God\u2019: Constructions with the Verb Plaure \u2018Please\u2019 in Medieval Catalan

The aim of the present paper is to discuss some uses of subjunctive constructions formed with the verb plaure ‘please’ in medieval Catalan. These constructions were used as permission requesting directives, and later, as indirect directives. In a group of the medieval Catalan occurrences the speaker applies for God’s or another divine persons’ consent. This paper demonstrates that the construction (no) plàcia a Déu ‘may it (not) please God’ became a conventionalized phrase with a special role in interpersonal interactions, arguing that it followed a specific path of semantic change and underwent subjectification. As to the methodology of diachronic speech act analysis, the aim of the present paper is to argue for a comparative stance and for a qualitative contextual analysis in order to identify illocutionary values of utterances surviving in written form. The findings show that, instead of analyzing only the speech act verbs themselves, it is important to take into account further factors as well, e.g. the social context of the interaction, encyclopedic information, the content and “weight” of the request, the cultural context of the period, and the structure of the interaction. Moreover, it is worth considering the whole semantic and functional field, investigating together constructions that are suitable to perform illocutionary acts belonging to the same type.

Доказательный подход в социальной сфере: основные понятия и принципы, история, перспективы

The article is devoted to the development of the evidence-based approach in the field of psychological and social practices. The article analyzes the concept of evidence-based practice, its main aspects and components. The authors show that the transfer of the evidence-based approach from medicine, where it originated, to the social sphere was accompanied by significant changes in the very concept of evidence-based practice. Reliance on scientific research of the effects of practice remains the main principle of the evidence-based approach, but in the field of psychosocial practices, the emphasis on the role of interpersonal interaction in the implementation of the practice, involving all its participants in decision-making, including patients/clients/beneficiaries, is no less significant. Unlike medicine, where priority is given to randomized controlled trials, the empirical justification of social practices can be based on other methodologies too, including quasi-experimental studies and even qualitative case descriptions. The danger of bureaucratization of the social sphere due to the introduction of the evidence-based approach is discussed. According to the authors, there is a tendency to understand evidence-based practice as a choice from a limited number of decisions supported by research and/or supported by donors. However, this simplified “drug model”, although convenient for funding organizations, does not correspond to the essence of the evidence-based approach. Proponents of the evidence-based approach certainly support practitioners to use practices with a solid empirical basis, but at the same time to focus on the entire context of interaction with a patient/client, their needs and the capabilities of the social support system.

Pregnant Women's Experiences of Crisis Pregnancy Centers: When Abortion Stigmatization Succeeds and Fails

There is broad consensus that abortion is stigmatized, but the role of interpersonal interaction in this process is underspecified. I examine interviews with 25 women in the United States who visited crisis pregnancy centers (CPCs)—antiabortion organizations that offer one‐on‐one “prolife counseling”—for how and when interactions matter for abortion stigmatization. I identify two primary ways CPC counselors stigmatized abortion and describe variation in their impact: counselors' efforts were “successful,” were misrecognized as ideologically‐neutral, or were resisted. The findings demonstrate the importance of women's current consideration of abortion and preexisting beliefs for understanding how interpersonal interactions contribute to abortion stigma.

\u2018I do want to ask, but I can\u2019t speak\u2019: a qualitative study of ethnic minority women\u2019s experiences of communicating with primary health care professionals in remote, rural Vietnam

BackgroundEthnic minority groups in Vietnam experience economic, social and health inequalities. There are significant disparities in health service utilisation, and cultural, interpersonal and communication barriers impact on quality of care. Eighty per cent of the population of Dien Bien Province belongs to an ethnic minority group, and poor communication between health professionals and ethnic minority women in the maternal health context is a concern for health officials and community leaders. This study explores how ethnic minority women experience communication with primary care health professionals in the maternal and child health setting, with an overall aim to develop strategies to improve health professionals’ communication with ethnic minority communities.MethodsWe used a qualitative focused ethnographic approach and conducted focus group discussions with 37 Thai and Hmong ethnic minority women (currently pregnant or mothers of children under five) in Dien Bien Province. We conducted a thematic analysis.ResultsEthnic minority women generally reported that health professionals delivered health information in a didactic, one-way style, and there was a reliance on written information (Maternal and Child Health handbook) in place of interpersonal communication. The health information they receive (both verbal and written) was often non-specific, and not context-adjusted for their personal circumstances. Women were therefore required to take a more active role in interpersonal interactions in order to meet their own specific information needs, but they are then faced with other challenges including language and gender differences with health professionals, time constraints, and a reluctance to ask questions. These factors resulted in women interpreting health information in diverse ways, which in turn appeared to impact their health behaviours.ConclusionsFostering two-way communication and patient-centred attitudes among health professionals could help to improve their communication with ethnic minority women. Communication training for health professionals could be included along with the nationwide implementation of written information to improve communication.

Interactions, Actors, and Time: Dynamic Network Actor Models for Relational Events

Ample theoretical work on social networks is explicitly or implicitly concerned with the role of interpersonal interaction. However, empirical studies to date mostly focus on the analysis of stable relations. This article introduces Dynamic Network Actor Models (DyNAMs) for the study of directed, interpersonal interaction through time. The presented model addresses three important aspects of interpersonal interaction. First, interactions unfold in a larger social context and depend on complex structures in social systems. Second, interactions emanate from individuals and are based on personal preferences, restricted by the available interaction opportunities. Third, sequences of interactions develop dynamically, and the timing of interactions relative to one another contains useful information. We refer to these aspects as the network nature, the actor-oriented nature, and the dynamic nature of social interaction. A case study compares the DyNAM framework to the relational event model, a widely used statistical method for the study of social interaction data.

Narcissists’ negative perception of their counterpart’s competence and benevolence and their own reduced trust in a negotiation context

Despite its important role in interpersonal interactions, narcissism has rarely been examined in the context of negotiations in which individuals cooperate and compete with their counterpart. As negotiations occur frequently in daily life, empirical findings of the role of narcissism in negotiation settings can enhance the understanding of the functions of narcissism in common situations in which self- and other-interests are in conflict. By analyzing 35 negotiation dyads’ within-dyad differences using multilevel analysis, I found that negotiators’ narcissism was negatively related to their perception of their counterpart’s competence but was not significantly related to their individual economic gain (objective negotiation performance), suggesting narcissists’ inflated agentic self or deflated perception of their counterpart’s competence. Additionally, narcissism was negatively related to trust, due to narcissists’ negative perception of their counterpart’s benevolence rather than their counterpart’s competence. These findings contribute to the literatures on narcissism and trust.

Developing the understanding of the role of interpersonal interaction in early literacy development: A case study of a Thai public preschool

THIS STUDY FOCUSES ON THE role of interpersonal interaction in early literacy development in one public preschool school in Bangkok, Thailand. Specifically, it explores and analyses the nature of interpersonal interaction and collaborative activities the teachers employ in teaching literacy to children. The study involves observation of 82 children in literacy activities and interviews with three teachers. Framed and analysed in Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory, the results show interpersonal activities to be related to collaborative writing, collaborative story-reading, collaborative dialogic inquiry, collaborative meaning-making and child–child partnerships. The paper concludes that raising professional knowledge of the significance of interpersonal interaction, and focused professional development which builds and maintains teacher awareness of their teaching of literacy, would enhance children's literacy development in Thailand.

Do Emotionally Intelligent People do Well in all Jobs? Exploring the Moderating Role of Inter-Personal Interaction

This paper studies the impact of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on job performance on a sample of 101 working executives in a pharmaceutical company in Mumbai, India. The impact of EI on job performance is studied while controlling for General Mental Ability (GMA) and the personality factor of conscientiousness. The paper also investigates the moderating effect of job characteristics (specifically, the extent of interpersonal interaction required on the job) on the relationship between EI and job performance. Analysis of the data showed that EI did not show significant impact on job performance for the entire sample. However, for individuals having high interpersonal interaction on their jobs, EI was significantly related to job performance. On the other hand, for individuals having low interpersonal interaction on their jobs, EI was not related to job performance.

Managing from the middle

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the opinions of newsletter editors in the Sierra Club in an effort to understand the roles an editor and newsletter content play in building relationships in an activist setting. There are two goals: to examine editorial decision making in an activist organization; and to examine the role of interpersonal interaction as part of an organizational‐public relationship (OPR).Design/methodology/approachIn‐depth interviews with 14 Sierra Club newsletter editors examined issues related to newsletter content choice, issue frames, sources, and mission.FindingsThe findings illustrate normative practices for grassroots gatekeepers. Editors saw their role as facilitating relationship building and activism among members. This has theoretical implications for OPR theory by suggesting a new facilitative relationship type.Research limitations/implicationsAs all qualitative research, the findings of this study are not generalizable. This study is further limited because it focuses on a single organization and one communication channel.Practical implicationsMost editors suggested that content selection was based on the expertise of the editor or an editorial or executive board. This provides strategic communication opportunities for both the national and the grassroots organization, if the editorial decision making model is identified by strategists.Originality/valueMid‐level gatekeepers, such as newsletter editors, are an important public to study because of their potential impact on key publics. This paper provides both practical and theoretical implications. Practical implications include insights into how some activist gatekeepers make decisions and into information salience.

Human Empathy Through the Lens of Social Neuroscience

Empathy is the ability to experience and understand what others feel without confusion between oneself and others. Knowing what someone else is feeling plays a fundamental role in interpersonal interactions. In this paper, we articulate evidence from social psychology and cognitive neuroscience, and argue that empathy involves both emotion sharing (bottom-up information processing) and executive control to regulate and modulate this experience (top-down information processing), underpinned by specific and interacting neural systems. Furthermore, awareness of a distinction between the experiences of the self and others constitutes a crucial aspect of empathy. We discuss data from recent behavioral and functional neuroimaging studies with an emphasis on the perception of pain in others, and highlight the role of different neural mechanisms that underpin the experience of empathy, including emotion sharing, perspective taking, and emotion regulation.

行動の主体としての自我の形成--乳幼児期における対人的,対物的相互作用の役割

行動の主体としての自我の形成--乳幼児期における対人的,対物的相互作用の役割